Primus Pilus

The senior centurion of a Roman legion, commanding the first century of the first cohort.

Overview

The primus pilus, literally first file, was the most senior and prestigious of a legion's centurions, commanding the first century of the first cohort and serving as an adviser to the legate and tribunes on tactics and discipline. The post was normally held for a single year and was the pinnacle of a career that might begin in the ranks. The primus pilus was associated with the legion's eagle standard, the aquila, whose loss was a supreme disgrace. On completing the term, a former primus pilus often received equestrian status and a substantial reward, and some went on to serve as camp prefect or in senior equestrian posts.